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Nikolaj Plads (lit. Licolas' Square) is a public square located at the foot of the former St Nicolas' Church (Danish Nikolaj Kirke) in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. ==History== St. Nicolas' Church was established in the 13th century. A graveyard was located on its eastern side. The church was not the only building on the site. Other properties there belonged to Church of Our Lady, Roskilde Cathedral and Our Lady's Abbey in Sorø. The graveyard lay open until it was closed off from the surrounding city with a fence following the plague outbreak of 1711.〔 The church and the surrounding neighbourhood were hit hard by the Copenhagen Fire of 1795. The first houses on the square were rebuilt shortly after the fire but initial plans to rebuild the church were not realized and the church building was instead pulled down except for its large tower. The congregation was dissolved in 1804 and the graveyard was also closed down. The Fire Brigade took over the church tower in 1807 and converted the ruin into a proper fire station in 1820–23. In 1810,the butchers on Højbro Plads received permission to move their market stalls to the site of the former graveyard. Especially on warm days, the market activities resulted in a foul odor and the conditions were described as a potential health threat in 1818.〔 The architect Christian Frederik Hansen made a proposal for a market building on the square in the 1820s but it was not realized. In 1842, the number of market stalls had grown to 82. The debate about better conditions for the market trade resurged and a complex of market building design by Peter Heinrich Christoph Hagemann was built in 1834–46. It was made of cast iron and contained 68 large and 10 small shops. The market stalls ran along the streets Lille Kongensgade, Nikolajgade, Vingårdsstræde and Admiralgade. The butchers that faced the street sold meat of superior quality while the market stalls that faced the central yard, colloquially known as "The Stomach" (Danish: Maven), sold second-rate, "black label" meat. The market stalls remained in use until they were pulled down in the early 1900s. In 1896, Vilhelm Dahlerup made a proposal for the adaptation of the church tower and square into a monument but it was not realized. At the initiative of Carl Jacobsen it was instead decided to rebuild the church. The market building remained in use until it was demolished when the new church building was inaugurated in 1917. More recent changes include the construction of a small playground. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nikolaj Plads」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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